Fig. 5
Growth parameters and pigment profiles as affected by NoZEP1 or NoZEP2 knockdown in N. oceanica under HL. a–d Time course of Fv/Fm (a), OD750 (b), cell density (c), and biomass concentration (d) of WT and NoZEP-knockdown lines under HL for 4 days. e–g Total carotenoids (TC) content (e), contents of individual carotenoids (f), and chlorophyll a content (g) in WT and NoZEP-knockdown lines after 4 days of HL. VE, vaucheriaxanthin ester. The algal cells, with a starting OD750 of 0.5, were directly cultured under HL for 4 days. Data represent mean values ± SD (n = 3). The asterisk indicates the significant difference (Student’s t test, P < 0.05* or P < 0.01**) between WT and knockdown lines. NS not significant