Fig. 2

Analysis of FAD levels in the conversion of phytosterols into 9-OHAD. a Time profile of the intracellular FAD concentration in strain NwIB-I with or without adding phytosterols. b Effects of adding different concentrations of FMN on intracellular FAD level, cell growth, and 9-OHAD production in strain NwIB-I. Mycolicibacterial strains were cultivated in fermentation medium containing 4 g/L phytosterols at 30 °C for 144 h. The data represent mean ± standard deviation of three measurements