Table 2 Energy demand of the lipid extraction process for 1 L lipid calculated from different routes with varying experimental data from Sect. 3.2 and 3.4
Process | Route 1 | Route 2 | Route 3 | Route 4 | Route 5 | Route 6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Monophasic | Biphasic | |||||
Parameters | ||||||
PEF treatment (MJ/kgDw) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 1.5 |
Incubation (h) | – | 24 | – | 24 | 24 | 24 |
Extraction (h) | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 |
Ethanol (L) | 537 | 132 | 199 | 125 | 20 | 17 |
Hexane (L) | 2832 | 697 | 1050 | 661 | 119 | 102 |
Extraction efficiency (%) | 22.4 | 91 | 60.4 | 96 | 59 | 69 |
Energy demand of the different steps of lipid-extraction (MJ/Llipids) | ||||||
PEF-treatment | 2.5 | 0.61 | 5.48 | 3.5 | 0.95 | 4.9 |
Removal of water fraction | 0.25 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.10 | 0.08 |
Mixing during lipid extraction | 49.9 | 12.3 | 18.5 | 11.6 | 9.1 | 7.8 |
Separation of solvent from spent biomass | 1.9 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
Ethanol recycling | 995 | 245 | 364 | 232 | 35 | 30 |
Hexane recycling | 439 | 108 | 160 | 102 | 19 | 16 |
Total | 1489 | 366 | 549 | 349 | 65 | 59 |
Energy consumption ratio (–) | 42.3 | 10.4 | 15.6 | 9.9 | 1.8 | 1.6 |