Fig. 3

Photosynthetic characteristics after RAP treatment. A Fv/Fm and Y(II) after RAP (10 nM) treatment. B OJIP curve after 72 h of RAP (10 nM) treatment. C rETR of 6 h, 54 h and 78 h of RAP (10 nM) treatment. DMSO indicates the control group treated with the solvent DMSO, while DMSO + RAP denotes the experimental group treated with RAP. *, p-value < 0.05, **, p-value < 0.01, ***, p-value < 0.001. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean (N = 3)