Table 5 Summary of the astaxanthin productivity and content per dry weight in different production systems

Synechococcus sp. PCC 11901

9.6 mg/L/day; 165.4 mg/m²/day

0.59

This work

Haematococcus pluvialis

up to 4.4 mg/L/day;

up to 1.8

[48]

Haematococcus pluvialis

204 mg/m²/day

3.8

[50]

Haematococcus pluvialis

15.84 mg/L/day

4.9

[49]

Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

2.8 mg/L/day

0.30

[21]

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

6.96 mg/L/day

0.45

[32]

Nannochloropsis oceanica

9.9 mg/L/day in fed-batch mode

0.73

[41]

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

37.5 mg/L/day

1.4

[51]

Yarrowia lipolytica

275 mg/L/day in fed-batch mode

4.1

[56]